| The Sahara Desert is the world's largest hot | | | | broad leaves are replaced with spines, and thick |
| desert and is spread across 8.6 million square | | | | green stems in desert plants like cactus where |
| kilometers in Northern Africa. The average year | | | | the spines help in preventing excessive water loss |
| round temperature in Sahara exceeds 30°C | | | | while the stem performs photosynthesis as well |
| with the temperatures rising above 50 degree | | | | as holds water for a very long time. Xerophytes, |
| centigrade during summers and the winter | | | | grasses, shrubs, and trees comprise the common |
| temperatures falling below freezing point. With the | | | | vegetation in the Sahara desert. |
| daily temperature variation fluctuating anywhere | | | | Desert animals rarely come out in the hot sun and |
| between the values -0.5 to 37.5 degree | | | | instead stay underground during most part of the |
| centigrade, the conditions are really harsh and | | | | day and eat such foods which contain a lot of |
| difficult to sustain life and this condition is further | | | | water content. The desert animals are also |
| deteriorated due to the hot, dusty winds. The high | | | | smaller in size which minimizes water loss from |
| temperatures during summer, scanty rainfall, and | | | | their bodies. The animal species found in the |
| freezing winters, along with the severely dry | | | | Sahara include the desert hedgehog, gerbil, jerboa, |
| weather make Sahara's weather very inhospitable. | | | | cape hare, common jackal, dorcas gazelle, oryx, |
| As a result, plant and animal population is sparse. | | | | dama deer, Nubian wild, barbary sheep, anubis |
| Plants and animals develop certain adaptations in | | | | baboon, spotted hyena, sand fox, Libyan striped |
| order to adapt to life in the harsh desert | | | | weasel, the slender mongoose, rattlesnakes, |
| conditions. | | | | kangaroo rats, kit foxes and numerous species of |
| Desert plants possess very long roots that | | | | frogs, toads, crocodiles, lizards, chameleons, |
| penetrate very deep into the earth, and their | | | | skinks, cobras snails, brine and algae shrimps. |