The Goblet Drum of the Middle East

Upon entering the term "goblet drum" into mycan be made to produce two different and
search engine, the first thing that pops up is adistinct types of sound. The deeper of the two is
picture of a simbati from Egypt. Despite the factcalled a "doum," and this created by striking the
that I know it is a musical instrument, I amhead near its center with the length of the fingers
immediately struck by its physical beauty moreand palm. The higher-pitched sound, produced by
than its musical potential. With a background thehitting the edge of the head with the fingertips, is
color of lapis lazuli and an intricate design of birdscalled a "tek." Other, more complex techniques,
and flowers, this chalice-shaped hand drum wouldincluding snaps, slaps, pops and rolls, may also be
not look out of place in an alcove designed for aused. In certain areas f Bulgaria, Turkey and
work of art. Of course, to those who understandEgypt, drummers sometimes use a thin stick in
it, a chalice drum is something to be played ratherone hand while the other remains empty.
than looked at.Goblet drums may actually be divided into two
The name "goblet drum" is derived from thecategories, those of the Egyptian style and those
instrument's shape, which is distinctly chalice-like.of the Turkish style. The former is characterized
This instrument is fairly localized in its traditionalby rounded edges around the head, while the
origins, which are primarily Mediterranean andlatter exposes these edges. This difference helps
Middle Eastern, although Thailand, Laos and Westexplain some of the signatures of the two playing
Africa all have their own versions. Examples ofstyles. For example, the Egyptian style features
this instrument include the "tablah" of Egypt, therapid rolls, but these are discouraged by the hard
"toumberleki" of Greece, the "darbuka" of Israeledges of Turkish goblet drums. However, such
and the "zairbaghali" of Afghanistan. The gobletedges also allow for closer access to the head,
drum is especially common in the Islamic world,thereby permitting the snapping techniques
and the design of the instrument is generally heldassociated with Turkish playing.
to be quite old; there are even those whoThere are two positions in which to hold the
suggest that its invention predates that of thegoblet drum: either under one arm or between
chair. Regardless of that particular detail, thethe knees. There are a variety of rhythms used
goblet drum can be safely assumed to be one ofwith this instrument, referred to collectively as
the ancient instruments of human civilization."dumbek" rhythms, and they range in application
The body of this instrument is usually made offrom traditional folk to modern dance. The goblet
pottery, wood or metal. It has a single thin drumdrum has even been used in some classical
head of either animal skin or a manmade material,European compositions, such as the opera "Les
and the sound of this head is characteristicallyTroyens.
crisp. When played by an expert, the goblet drum